They are both correct. When you first purchase the investment, you would record it at original cost, and then adjust that balance to fair value at the end of the year. That's the first year. So for example, I bought stock for 10,000, and the fair value at the end of year 1 is 15,000. I would record an entry for an unrealized gain for 5,000 and adjust the balance of my investment upwards by 5,000 to reflect the updated fair value. Entry Below:
Original Entry – Year 1
Investment Dr. 10,000
Cash Cr. 10,000 Recording the original entry. Original Cost.
Adjustment to Fair value – End of year 1
Investment Dr. 5,000
Unrealized gain Cr. 5,000 To record unrealized gain on investment. The gain is the difference between the original cost and the fair value at year end.
Now say during year 2, the fair value of the investment is now 20,000.
You would need to post another entry below:
Investment Dr. 5,000 The gain now is the difference between the fair value at the end of year 1 (15k) and the fair
Unrealized gain Cr.5,000 value at the end of year 2 (20k).
FAR - 93
REG - 87
BEC - 84!!!!
AUD - 99!!!!!! CPA exam complete.