Consider this question:
The auditor's judgment concerning the overall fairness of presentation of financial position, results of operation, and changes in cash flow is applied with the framework of:
A. The auditor's evaluation of the audited company's internal control
B. Generally accepted accounting principles which include the concept of materiality
C. Generally accepted accounting principles
D. Quality Control
All of these choices represent considerations involving auditor judgment. But there are two key parts of the question. The first is the word FRAMEWORK. Choices “A” and “D” are not frameworks, and are therefore automatically wrong.
However, choices “B” and “C” list the SAME framework (GAAP). However, the question mentions overall fairness across ALL the financial statements. It is vital to understand that overall fairness and materiality go hand-in-hand. Therefore, while choice “C” is actually a correct answer, choice “B” is the BETTER correct answer.
But even if you didn't grasp the connection between overall fairness and materiality, you still increased your chances from 25% to 50% just by understanding a single word: framework